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Internal Audit

INTERNAL AUDIT

Contents:

Scope

Key Points

Background

Internal Control System

Internal Audit Process

Internal Audit Assurance

Annex: Conduct of Internal Audit by Audit Services


Scope

1. This section gives guidance on internal audit arrangements and procedures.


Key Points

2. Internal audit should provide an independent and continuing appraisal of an organisation's internal control system and take the action needed to provide Accountable Officer(s) with a continuing assurance that the organisation's internal control systems are adequate and effective.

3. Departments are responsible for ensuring that appropriate and adequate internal controls exist within their own areas of responsibility, and for deciding whether or not to accept and implement Audit Services' internal audit findings and recommendations.


Background

4. Internal audit should provide an independent and continuing appraisal of an organisation's internal control system and take the action needed to provide Accountable Officer(s) with a continuing assurance that the organisation's internal control systems are adequate and effective. The operation and conduct of internal audit should comply with the standards contained in the "Government Internal Audit Manual" published by HMSO.

5. Accountable Officers are responsible for ensuring that appropriate and adequate internal controls exist within their own areas of responsibility, and for deciding whether or not to accept and implement internal audit findings and recommendations. The relevant Accountable Officer has overall responsibility for ensuring that prompt and effective action is taken on recommendations, and that the risks resulting from inaction are recognised and accepted. The Head of Internal Audit should have the right of direct access to the Accountable Officer(s). Audit Services within Scottish Executive Finance and Central Services Department is responsible for the internal audit of the core Departments of the Scottish Executive plus certain other areas including some Executive Agencies and offices of the Scottish Administration. More detailed guidance on the conduct of internal audits by Audit Services is set out in the Annex.


Internal Control System

6. The internal control system comprises the whole network of systems established in an organisation to provide reasonable assurance that organisational objectives will be achieved, with particular reference to:

  • risk management;

  • the effectiveness of operations;

  • the economical and efficient use of resources;

  • compliance with applicable policies, procedures, laws and regulations;

  • safeguards against losses, including those arising from fraud, irregularity or corruption; and

  • the integrity and reliability of information and data.

7. Internal audit should not have responsibility for executive functions or for the development or implementation of systems. Internal audit may, however, serve as a valuable source of advice on systems of control and related matters without impairing its objectivity and independence.


Internal Audit Process

8. Internal audit should:

  • analyse the internal control system and establish a review programme;

  • identify and evaluate the controls which are established in systems to achieve objectives in the most economic and efficient manner;

  • report findings and conclusions and, where appropriate, make recommendations for improvement;

  • provide an opinion on the reliability of the controls in the system under review; and

  • provide an assurance based on the evaluation of the internal control system within the organisation as a whole.


Internal Audit Assurance

9. An annual audit assurance is provided to Accountable Officers through the professional opinion of the Head of Internal Audit (or equivalent) on the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the extent to which it can be relied upon. That opinion is contained in an annual report from the Head of Internal Audit to the organisation's Audit Committee(s), and forms part of the assurance required by Accountable Officers to enable them to sign a Statement on Internal Control in respect of their area of responsibility.

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Page Published/ Updated on: 21st December 2001

Page updated: Sunday, May 8, 2005